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Pinus spp.

  • Height: depending on species up to 30 m, exceptions up to 50 m
  • Trunk: rarely shrub-like, longitudinally fissured and scaly
  • Crown: conical, later usually loosened
  • Leaves: 2-5 needles per sheath on short shoots, very thin, pointed
  • Fruits/seeds: ovoid or conical cones 

Kiefer Waldkiefer ganzer Baum Janina Deutschmann

Kiefer Waldkiefer Nadeln Janina Deutschmann

Kiefer Waldkiefer Rinde Janina Deutschmann

PA120111Wald Kiefer Kerstin Ellersdorfer

Photos: Janina Deutschmann (1,2,3), Kerstin Ellersdorfer (4)

 

Pinus nigra

  • Height: up to 30 m
  • Trunk: brownish-grey and scaly bark when young, large scaly bark with age
  • Crown: initially conical, later broader and looser
  • Leaves: 2 needles in a sheath, 8-16 cm long, stiff, straight or curved, sometimes twisted
  • Fruits/seeds: ovoid cones 4-10 cm long, up to 3 cm thick, 5-7 mm long, winged seeds

Schwarzkiefer II Martina Gehret

Schwarzkiefer Martina Gehret

Photos: Martina Gehret (1,2)

Pinus sylvestris

  • Height: 20-30 m
  • Trunk: bark initially fox-red, later dark brown, flat scaly bark
  • Crown: initially conical, later usually umbrella-shaped
  • Leaves: 2 needles per sheath, 3-7 cm long, 1.5-2 mm thick, usually twisted
  • Fruits/seeds: ovoid to conical cones, 3-8 cm long, up to 3.5 cm thick

Kiefer Waldkiefer ganzer Baum Janina Deutschmann

Kiefer Waldkiefer Nadeln Janina Deutschmann

Kiefer Waldkiefer Rinde Janina Deutschmann

PA120111Wald Kiefer Kerstin Ellersdorfer

Photos: Janina Deutschmann (1,2,3), Kerstin Ellersdorfer (4)

 

Taxus baccata

  • Height: mostly small tree or shrub, up to 15 m
  • Trunk: initially smooth and reddish-brown bark, flaking in broad thin plates with age, already branched at the base
  • Leaves: Needles arranged in a spiral, often parted on side branches, soft needles with a midrib on the underside
  • Fruits/seeds: Berry-like seed coat (aril), bright scarlet red, slightly frosted
  • Other: very tolerant to pruning, therefore also found as a hedge or topiary

Eibe Nadeln Janina Deutschmann 2

Eibe Martina Gehret

Stamm Eibe Kerstin Ellersdorfer

Zweige und Früchte der Eibe Kerstin Ellersdorfer

Photos: Janina Deutschmann (1), Martina Gehret (2), Kerstin Ellersdorfer (3,4)

Cupressaceae

  • Height: up to 30 m depending on species
  • Trunk: fibrous, thin bark, clearly longitudinally fissured with age, peeling off in strips
  • Crown: usually dense, conical to columnar
  • Leaves: scale-like, usually small, very dense
  • Fruits/seeds: small, spherical to ovoid cones, woody, initially compact, later gaping
  • Other: Very tolerant to pruning, therefore also found as a hedge or topiary 

Scheinzypresse ganzer Baum Janina Deutschmann 3

Scheinzypresse Nadeln Frucht Janina Deutschmann

Thuja Lebensbaum Martina Gehret

Thuja Blatt Janina Deutschmann

Zapfen Thuja Martina Gehret

Photos: Janina Deutschmann (1,2,4), Martina Gehret (3,5)

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