Abies spp.
- Height: up to 40 m
- Trunk: very straight trunk, light grey bark, smooth with distinct lenticels, becoming coarsely fissured and scaly with age
- Crown: dense and regular, initially conical, flattening with age, branches horizontal, upright in the crown region
- Leaves: soft, flat needles, approx. 2–3 cm long, usually blunt and spirally arranged, often parted, underside with two very distinct white stomatal bands
- Buds: roundish to egg-shaped, usually resinous and sticky
- Flowers: small, yellowish to reddish male flowers on the underside of branches, erect greenish to violet female flowers
- Fruits/Seeds: egg-shaped to cylindrical cones, erect, 5–20 cm long depending on the species, disintegrating on the tree after ripening (cone axis remains), with winged seeds
Photos: BUND Naturschutz in Bayern (1,2,3,4,5)